Advanced Powder Technologyのご案内

Advanced Powder Technology　のご案内

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Advanced Powder Technology のご案内

目的
　Advanced Powder Technology 誌は，粉体および粒子状物質に関する研究を包括的に取り扱う国際誌であり，オリジナル論文，レビュー論文，速報，研究ノートのほか，世界中の優れた研究者の翻訳論文を定期的に出版することにより，粉体工学の発展に寄与することを目的としています。本誌は粉体工学会の英文誌として創刊されましたが，世界的に高名な研究者をエグゼクティブエディターに迎え，粉体工学研究の盛んな国々に独自の編集委員会を立ち上げて連携するなど，独創的かつ国際的な編集発行活動を展開しています。

論文の内容
　Advanced Powder Technology 誌では，粒子のキャラクタリゼーション，粒子生成，表面改質，計算機シミュレーション・システム解析，反応器設計・粉体プロセス制御，気相・液相系単位操作，製薬・食品，セラミックス，エアロゾル，コロイド，粒子の運動・レオロジー，粉体層力学，安全性，貯糟・輸送，撹拌・混練，造粒・圧縮成形，粉砕・分級，流動層，乾燥，静電気，燃焼・集じん，凝集・分散，付着・沈着・再飛散，核発生・晶析・粒子成長など，粉体工学に関する多方面の研究を対象としています。

購読
Vol.23の発行予定はNo.1（1月），No.2（3月），No.3（5月），No.4（7月），No.5（9月），No.6（11月）の年6回，購読料は先払い制で，年度途中の申込であってもすべて年間契約とします。また，お申込後のキャンセルについては，2012年2月末日までに事務局までご連絡下さい。

粉体工学会個人会員の場合：
1. 個人会員購読A（冊子送付およびScienceDirect利用） 26,000円
2. 個人会員購読B（冊子送付のみ） 16,000円
3. 個人会員購読C（ScienceDirect利用のみ） 10,000円

大学や所属機関でScienceDirect（Freedom Collection, Chemical Engineering, Materials Science, Environmental Scienceのパッケージ契約）を利用できる方には「個人会員購読B」を推奨します。

購読申し込みは，ご希望の購読契約（A, B, Cのいずれか），氏名，所属先，冊子送付先，電話／FAX，Emailをローマ字表記にてご明記の上，粉体工学会事務局（aptj@nifty.com）までご連絡下さい。また購読料のお支払いにつきましては，振込手数料をご負担の上，お申込から1ヶ月を目処に下記までお振り込み下さい。（2012年度会費請求書に同封されている「Vol.23(2012) 購読のご案内」の振込用紙をご利用いただくと手数料がかかりません）

振込先
銀行口座　みずほ銀行　出町（デマチ）支店（普通）1238286
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　粉体工学会（読み方：フンタイコウガクカイ）
郵便振替　01000-3-27893　粉体工学会

個人会員以外の場合（図書館など）：
1. 日本国内の機関 187,400 円
2. 欧州およびイランの機関 1,120　ユーロ
3. その他上記以外の国に在する機関　 1,424 米ドル

個人会員以外の申し込み詳細につきましては，
エルゼビア・ジャパン株式会社カスタマーサービス
（Tel: 03-5561-5037, Fax: 03-5561-5047,
E-mail: JournalsCustomerServiceJapan@elsevier.com）まで
お問合せ下さい。

　Topへ戻る

Guide for authors

2012年1月一部改訂｡
*This Guide is available through the journal's site in Elsevier as AUTHOR INFORMATION PACK (PDF).

♦INTRODUCTION♦

It is now possible to submit your paper online and benefit from the considerably shorter time required to reach an editorial decision about publication. For all further information, please go to the journal's homepage on www.elsevier.com/locate/apt.

Categories of submissions
Original research paper
Research papers deal with original and ingenious ideas, as well as academically valuable findings and conclusions.

Rapid communication/Note
Rapid communications deal with any topics which are necessary to be promptly and preferentially published, therefore the authors must submit the statement briefly described why the topics should be published as soon as possible for readers. Notes are supplemental contents which have academic mentions equivalent to the original research paper.

Letter to editor
Letter to editor is an additional and supplemental comment to/against an article published in the journal.

Review article
Review articles are what describe the latest developments and trends in a specific field related with particle technology,
and are committed and invited by the editorial board.

Translated paper
Research papers translated in English, at the request of the editorial board, from among the articles published in Journal of the Society of Powder Technology, Japan, for the reason that the editorial board committed they are worth and need to be introduced worldwide.

When submitting your article, the author chooses a suitable category, and request a chief of the editorial board you ask to review. If you are not request, your article is to be appropriately handled by the editorial office.

Page charge
There are no page charges.

Contact details for submission
Any questions regarding submission should be directed to the editorial office:
The Society of Powder Technology, Japan
No.5 Kyoto Bldg.,181 Kitamachi, Karasuma-dori, Rokujo-agaru, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto 600-8176 Japan
Tel: +81-(0)75-351-2318, Fax: +81-(0)75-352-8530, E-mail: aptj@nifty.com

♦BEFORE YOU BEGIN♦

Ethics in publishing
For information on Ethics in publishing and Ethical guidelines for journal publication see
http://www.elsevier.com/publishingethics and http://www.elsevier.com/ethicalguidelines.

Conflict of interest
All authors are requested to disclose any actual or potential conflict of interest including any financial, personal or other relationships with other people or organizations within three years of beginning the submitted work that could inappropriately influence, or be perceived to influence, their work. See also http://www.elsevier.com/conflictsofinterest.

Submission declaration and verification
Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, including electronically without the written consent of the copyright-holder. To verify originality, your article may be checked by the originality detection software iThenticate. See also http://www.elsevier.com/editors/plagdetect.

Changes to authorship
This policy concerns the addition, deletion, or rearrangement of author names in the authorship of accepted manuscripts:
Before the accepted manuscript is published in an online issue: Requests to add or remove an author, or to rearrange the author names, must be sent to the Journal Manager from the corresponding author of the accepted manuscript and must include: (a) the reason the name should be added or removed, or the author names rearranged and (b) written confirmation (e-mail, fax, letter) from all authors that they agree with the addition, removal or rearrangement. In the case of addition or removal of authors, this includes confirmation from the author being added or removed. Requests that are not sent by the corresponding author will be forwarded by the Journal Manager to the corresponding author, who must follow the procedure as described above. Note that: (1) Journal Managers will inform the Journal Editors of any such requests and (2) publication of the accepted manuscript in an online issue is suspended until authorship has been agreed.
After the accepted manuscript is published in an online issue: Any requests to add, delete, or rearrange author names in an article published in an online issue will follow the same policies as noted above and result in a corrigendum.

Copyright
Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to complete a 'Journal Publishing Agreement' (for more information on this and copyright see http://www.elsevier.com/copyright). Acceptance of the agreement will ensure the widest possible dissemination of information. An e-mail will be sent to the corresponding author confirming receipt of the manuscript together with a 'Journal Publishing Agreement' form or a link to the online version of this agreement.
Subscribers may reproduce tables of contents or prepare lists of articles including abstracts for internal circulation within their institutions. Permission of the Publisher is required for resale or distribution outside the institution and for all other derivative works, including compilations and translations (please consult http://www.elsevier.com/permissions). If excerpts from other copyrighted works are included, the author(s) must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(s) in the article. Elsevier has preprinted forms for use by authors in these cases: please consult http://www.elsevier.com/permissions.

Retained author rights
As an author you (or your employer or institution) retain certain rights; for details you are referred to:
http://www.elsevier.com/authorsrights.

Role of the funding source
You are requested to identify who provided financial support for the conduct of the research and/or preparation of the article and to briefly describe the role of the sponsor(s), if any, in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the article for publication. If the funding source(s) had no such involvement then this should be stated. Please see http://www.elsevier.com/funding.

Funding body agreements and policies
Elsevier has established agreements and developed policies to allow authors whose articles appear in journals published by Elsevier, to comply with potential manuscript archiving requirements as specified as conditions of their grant awards. To learn more about existing agreements and policies please visit http://www.elsevier.com/fundingbodies.

Open access
This journal offers you the option of making your article freely available to all via the ScienceDirect platform. To prevent any conflict of interest, you can only make this choice after receiving notification that your article has been accepted for publication. The fee of $3,000 excludes taxes and other potential author fees such as color charges. In some cases, institutions and funding bodies have entered into agreement with Elsevier to meet these fees on behalf of their authors. Details of these agreements are available at http://www.elsevier.com/fundingbodies. Authors of accepted articles, who wish to take advantage of this option, should complete and submit the order form (available at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/openaccessform.pdf). Whatever access option you choose, you retain many rights as an author, including the right to post a revised personal version of your article on your own website. More information can be found here: http://www.elsevier.com/authorsrights.

Language and language services
Please write your text in good English (American or British usage is accepted, but not a mixture of these). Authors who require information about language editing and copyediting services pre- and post-submission please visit http://webshop.elsevier.com/languageservices or our customer support site at http://support.elsevier.com for more information.

Submission
Submission to this journal proceeds totally online and you will be guided stepwise through the creation and uploading of your files. The system automatically converts source files to a single PDF file of the article, which is used in the peer-review process. Please note that even though manuscript source files are converted to PDF files at submission for the review process, these source files are needed for further processing after acceptance. All correspondence, including notification of the Editor's decision and requests for revision, takes place by e-mail removing the need for a paper trail. The authors should select 2 or more classifications shown in the submission process through EES.

Upon submission, please identify which member of the editorial board you would like to review your manuscript. Without such a request, the editorial office will assign your paper to the appropriate editorial board member.

Referees
Please submit, with the manuscript, the names, addresses and e-mail addresses of three potential referees. Note that the editor retains the sole right to decide whether or not the suggested reviewers are used.

♦PREPARATION♦

Use of wordprocessing software
It is important that the file be saved in the native format of the wordprocessor used. The text should be in single-column format. Keep the layout of the text as simple as possible. Most formatting codes will be removed and replaced on processing the article. In particular, do not use the wordprocessor's options to justify text or to hyphenate words. However, do use bold face, italics, subscripts, superscripts etc. When preparing tables, if you are using a table grid, use only one grid for each individual table and not a grid for each row. If no grid is used, use tabs, not spaces, to align columns. The electronic text should be prepared in a way very similar to that of conventional manuscripts (see also the Guide to Publishing with Elsevier: http://www.elsevier.com/guidepublication,). Note that source files of figures, tables and text graphics will be required whether or not you embed your figures in the text. See also the section on Electronic artwork.To avoid unnecessary errors you are strongly advised to use the 'spell-check' and 'grammar-check' functions of your wordprocessor.

LaTex
If the LaTeX file is suitable, proofs will be produced without rekeying the text. The article should preferably be written using Elsevier's document class 'elsarticle', or alternatively any of the other recognized classes and formats supported in Elsevier's electronic submissions system, for further information see http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/authorsview.authors/latex-ees-supported. The Elsevier 'elsarticle' LaTeX style file package (including detailed instructions for LaTeX preparation) can be obtained from the Quickguide: http://www.elsevier.com/latex. It consists of the file: elsarticle.cls, complete user documentation for the class file, bibliographic style files in various styles, and template files for a quick start.

Article Structure
Headings and subheadings for different sections of the paper (e.g. Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, and Conclusion) should be clearly indicated. Units of measurement, abbreviations and symbols should follow the International System of Units (Sl). Equations and formulae should be typewritten. Equations should be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in parentheses on the right-hand side of the page. Authors are requested to use double line spacing of the text and to be numbered beginning with the title page.

Introduction
State the objectives of the work and provide an adequate background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results.

Material and methods
Provide sufficient detail to allow the work to be reproduced. Methods already published should be indicated by a reference: only relevant modifications should be described.

Theory/calculation
A Theory section should extend, not repeat, the background to the article already dealt with in the Introduction and lay the foundation for further work. In contrast, a Calculation section represents a practical development from a theoretical basis.

Results
Results should be clear and concise.

Discussion
This should explore the significance of the results of the work, not repeat them. A combined Results and Discussion section is often appropriate. Avoid extensive citations and discussion of published literature.

Concllusions
The main conclusions of the study may be presented in a short Conclusions section, which may stand alone or form a subsection of a Discussion or Results and Discussion section.

Appendices
If there is more than one appendix, they should be identified as A, B, etc. Formulae and equations in appendices should be given separate numbering: Eq. (A.1), Eq. (A.2), etc.; in a subsequent appendix, Eq. (B.1) and so on. Similarly for tables and figures: Table A.1; Fig. A.1, etc.

Vitae
Include in the manuscript a short (maximum 100 words) biography of each author, along with a passport-type photograph accompanying the other figures.

Essential title page information
Title. Concise and informative. Titles are often used in information-retrieval systems. Avoid abbreviations and formulae where possible. Authors are not permitted to submit two or more consecutive papers with any sub-title. Each paper is to be treated as an individual paper; authors should not use "Part I," "Part II," or other similar phrases in the title.

Author names and affiliations. Where the family name may be ambiguous (e.g., a double name), please indicate this clearly. Present the authors' affiliation addresses (where the actual work was done) below the names. Indicate all affiliations with a lower-case superscript letter immediately after the author's name and in front of the appropriate address. Provide the full postal address of each affiliation, including the country name and, if available, the e-mail address of each author.

Corresponding author. Clearly indicate who will handle correspondence at all stages of refereeing and publication, also post-publication. Ensure that telephone and fax numbers (with country and area code) are provided in addition to the e-mail address and the complete postal address. Contact details must be kept up to date by the corresponding author.

Present/permanent address. If an author has moved since the work described in the article was done, or was visiting at the time, a 'Present address' (or 'Permanent address') may be indicated as a footnote to that author's name. The address at which the author actually did the work must be retained as the main, affiliation address. Superscript Arabic numerals are used for such footnotes.

Abstract
A concise and factual abstract of no more than 200 words is required and should follow the title page on a separate sheet. The abstract should state briefly the purpose of the research, the principal results and major conclusions. An abstract is often presented separately from the article, so it must be able to stand alone. For this reason, References should be avoided, but if essential, then cite the author(s) and year(s). Also, non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, but if essential they must be defined at their first mention in the abstract itself.

Graphical abstract
A Graphical abstract is mandatory for this journal. It should summarize the contents of the article in a concise, pictorial form designed to capture the attention of a wide readership online. Authors must provide images that clearly represent the work described in the article. Graphical abstracts should be submitted as a separate file in the online submission system. Image size: please provide an image with a minimum of 531 × 1328 pixels (h × w) or proportionally more. The image should be readable at a size of 5 × 13 cm using a regular screen resolution of 96 dpi. Preferred file types: TIFF, EPS, PDF or MS Office files. See http://www.elsevier.com/graphicalabstracts for examples.
Authors can make use of Elsevier's Illustration and Enhancement service to ensure the best presentation of their images also in accordance with all technical requirements: Illustration Service.

Highlights
Highlights are mandatory for this journal. They consist of a short collection of bullet points that convey the core findings of the article and should be submitted in a separate file in the online submission system. Please use 'Highlights' in the file name and include 3 to 5 bullet points (maximum 85 characters, including spaces, per bullet point). See http://www.elsevier.com/highlights for examples.

Keywords
Immediately after the abstract, provide a maximum of 5 keywords, using British spelling and avoiding general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for example, 'and', 'of'). Be sparing with abbreviations: only abbreviations firmly established in the field may be eligible. These keywords will be used for indexing purposes.

Abbreviations
Define abbreviations that are not standard in this field in a footnote to be placed on the first page of the article. Such abbreviations that are unavoidable in the abstract must be defined at their first mention there, as well as in the footnote. Ensure consistency of abbreviations throughout the article.

Acknowledgements
Collate acknowledgements in a separate section at the end of the article before the references and do not, therefore, include them on the title page, as a footnote to the title or otherwise. List here those individuals who provided help during the research (e.g., providing language help, writing assistance or proof reading the article, etc.).

Math formulae
Present simple formulae in the line of normal text where possible and use the solidus (/) instead of a horizontal line for small fractional terms, e.g., X/Y. In principle, variables are to be presented in italics. Powers of e are often more conveniently denoted by exp. Number consecutively any equations that have to be displayed separately from the text (if referred to explicitly in the text).

Footnotes
Footnotes should be used sparingly. Number them consecutively throughout the article, using superscript Arabic numbers. Many wordprocessors build footnotes into the text, and this feature may be used. Should this not be the case, indicate the position of footnotes in the text and present the footnotes themselves separately at the end of the article. Do not include footnotes in the Reference list.
Table footnotes
Indicate each footnote in a table with a superscript lowercase letter.

Artwork
Electronic artwork
General points
·Make sure you use uniform lettering and sizing of your original artwork.
·Save text in illustrations as 'graphics' or enclose the font.
·Only use the following fonts in your illustrations: Arial, Courier, Times, Symbol.
·Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text.
·Use a logical naming convention for your artwork files.
·Provide captions to illustrations separately.
·Produce images near to the desired size of the printed version.
·Submit each figure as a separate file.

A detailed guide on electronic artwork is available on our website:
http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions

You are urged to visit this site; some excerpts from the detailed information are given here.
Formats
Regardless of the application used, when your electronic artwork is finalised, please 'save as' or convert the images to one of the following formats (note the resolution requirements for line drawings, halftones, and line/halftone combinations given below):
EPS: Vector drawings. Embed the font or save the text as 'graphics'.
TIFF: Color or grayscale photographs (halftones): always use a minimum of 300 dpi.
TIFF: Bitmapped line drawings: use a minimum of 1000 dpi.
TIFF: Combinations bitmapped line/half-tone (color or grayscale): a minimum of 500 dpi is required.
If your electronic artwork is created in a Microsoft Office application (Word, PowerPoint, Excel) then please supply 'as is'.

Please do not:
·Supply files that are optimised for screen use (e.g., GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG); the resolution is too low;
·Supply files that are too low in resolution;
·Submit graphics that are disproportionately large for the content.

Color artwork
Please make sure that artwork files are in an acceptable format (TIFF, EPS or MS Office files) and with the correct resolution. If, together with your accepted article, you submit usable color figures then Elsevier will ensure, at no additional charge, that these figures will appear in color on the Web (e.g., ScienceDirect and other sites) regardless of whether or not these illustrations are reproduced in color in the printed version. For color reproduction in print, you will receive information regarding the costs from Elsevier after receipt of your accepted article. Please indicate your preference for color: in print or on the Web only. For further information on the preparation of electronic artwork, please see http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions.
Please note: Because of technical complications which can arise by converting color figures to 'gray scale' (for the printed version should you not opt for color in print) please submit in addition usable black and white versions of all the color illustrations.

Figure captions
Ensure that each illustration has a caption. Supply captions separately, not attached to the figure. A caption should comprise a brief title (not on the figure itself) and a description of the illustration. Keep text in the illustrations themselves to a minimum but explain all symbols and abbreviations used.

Tables
Number tables consecutively in accordance with their appearance in the text. Place footnotes to tables below the table body and indicate them with superscript lowercase letters. Avoid vertical rules. Be sparing in the use of tables and ensure that the data presented in tables do not duplicate results described elsewhere in the article.

References
Citation in text
Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in the reference list (and vice versa). Any references cited in the abstract must be given in full. Unpublished results and personal communications are not recommended in the reference list, but may be mentioned in the text. If these references are included in the reference list they should follow the standard reference style of the journal and should include a substitution of the publication date with either 'Unpublished results' or 'Personal communication'. Citation of a reference as 'in press' implies that the item has been accepted for publication.

Web references
As a minimum, the full URL should be given and the date when the reference was last accessed. Any further information, if known (DOI, author names, dates, reference to a source publication, etc.), should also be given. Web references can be listed separately (e.g., after the reference list) under a different heading if desired, or can be included in the reference list.

References in a special issue
Please ensure that the words 'this issue' are added to any references in the list (and any citations in the text) to other articles in the same Special Issue.

Reference management software
This journal has standard templates available in key reference management packages EndNote (http://www.endnote.com/support/enstyles.asp) and Reference Manager (http://refman.com/support/rmstyles.asp). Using plug-ins to wordprocessing packages, authors only need to select the appropriate journal template when preparing their article and the list of references and citations to these will be formatted according to the journal style which is described below.

Sample list of references

Journal Publication:
[1] T. Ogi, D. Hidayat, F. Iskandar, A. Purwant, K. Okuyama, Direct synthesis of highly crystalline transparent conducing oxide nanoparticles by low pressure spray pyrolysis, Advanced Powder Technology, 20 (2009) 203 - 209.

Book:
[2] R.B. Bird, W.E. Stewart, E.N. Lightfoot, Transport Phenomena, 2nd ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2002.

Edited Book:
[3] H. Masuda, K. Higashitani, H. Yoshida Eds., Powder Technology Handbook, 3rd ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2006.

Book Section:
[4] Y. Mori, K. Kimura, M. Tanigaki, Influence of zone broadening on particle size analysis by sedimentation field-flow fractionation, in: N.G. Stanley-Wood, R.W. Lines (Eds.) Particle Size Analysis, Redwood Press, Melksham, 1992, pp. 290-299.

Proceedings:
[5] W. Ducker, N. Nicholas, G. Franks, Surface of ZnO during hydrothermal growth, in: Proc. 241st ACS National Meeting & Exposition American Chemical Society, Anaheim, CA, United States, 2011, COLL-478.

Patent:
[6] H.D. Jang, K. Cho, B.-G. Kim (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resource, S. Korea), US20100048741A1, 2010.

Web Reference:
[7] D. Kriesel, A Brief Introduction to Neural Networks, available at http://www.dkriesel.com (accessed on January 1st, 2010)

Journal abbreviations source
Journal names should be abbreviated according to
Index Medicus journal abbreviations: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/tsd/serials/lji.html;
List of title word abbreviations: http://www.issn.org/2-22661-LTWA-online.php;
CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service): http://www.cas.org/sent.html.

Video data
Elsevier accepts video material and animation sequences to support and enhance your scientific research. Authors who have video or animation files that they wish to submit with their article are strongly encouraged to include these within the body of the article. This can be done in the same way as a figure or table by referring to the video or animation content and noting in the body text where it should be placed. All submitted files should be properly labeled so that they directly relate to the video file's content. In order to ensure that your video or animation material is directly usable, please provide the files in one of our recommended file formats with a preferred maximum size of 50 MB. Video and animation files supplied will be published online in the electronic version of your article in Elsevier Web products, including ScienceDirect: http://www.sciencedirect.com. Please supply 'stills' with your files: you can choose any frame from the video or animation or make a separate image. These will be used instead of standard icons and will personalize the link to your video data. For more detailed instructions please visit our video instruction pages at http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions. Note: since video and animation cannot be embedded in the print version of the journal, please provide text for both the electronic and the print version for the portions of the article that refer to this content.

Supplementary data
Elsevier accepts electronic supplementary material to support and enhance your scientific research. Supplementary files offer the author additional possibilities to publish supporting applications, highresolution images, background datasets, sound clips and more. Supplementary files supplied will be published online alongside the electronic version of your article in Elsevier Web products, including ScienceDirect: http://www.sciencedirect.com. In order to ensure that your submitted material is directly usable, please provide the data in one of our recommended file formats. Authors should submit the material in electronic format together with the article and supply a concise and descriptive caption for each file. For more detailed instructions please visit our artwork instruction pages at http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions.

Submission checklist
The following list will be useful during the final checking of an article prior to sending it to the journal for review. Please consult this Guide for Authors for further details of any item.
Ensure that the following items are present:
One author has been designated as the corresponding author with contact details:
·E-mail address
·Full postal address
·Telephone and fax numbers
All necessary files have been uploaded, and contain:
·Keywords
·All figure captions
·All tables (including title, description, footnotes)
Further considerations
·Manuscript has been 'spell-checked' and 'grammar-checked'
·References are in the correct format for this journal
·All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited in the text, and vice versa
·Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted material from other sources (including the Web)
·Color figures are clearly marked as being intended for color reproduction on the Web (free of charge) and in print, or to be reproduced in color on the Web (free of charge) and in black-and-white in print
·If only color on the Web is required, black-and-white versions of the figures are also supplied for printing purposes
For any further information please visit our customer support site at http://support.elsevier.com.

♦AFTER ACCEPTANCE♦

Use of the Digital Object Identifier
The Digital Object Identifier (DOI) may be used to cite and link to electronic documents. The DOI consists of a unique alpha-numeric character string which is assigned to a document by the publisher upon the initial electronic publication. The assigned DOI never changes. Therefore, it is an ideal medium for citing a document, particularly 'Articles in press' because they have not yet received their full bibliographic information. The correct format for citing a DOI is shown as follows (example taken from a document in the journal Physics Letters B):
doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2010.09.059
When you use the DOI to create URL hyperlinks to documents on the web, the DOIs are guaranteed never to change.

Proofs
One set of page proofs (as PDF files) will be sent by e-mail to the corresponding author (if we do not have an e-mail address then paper proofs will be sent by post) or, a link will be provided in the e-mail so that authors can download the files themselves. Elsevier now provides authors with PDF proofs which can be annotated; for this you will need to download Adobe Reader version 7 (or higher) available free from http://get.adobe.com/reader. Instructions on how to annotate PDF files will accompany the proofs (also given online). The exact system requirements are given at the Adobe site: http://www.adobe.com/products/reader/tech-specs.html.
If you do not wish to use the PDF annotations function, you may list the corrections (including replies to the Query Form) and return them to Elsevier in an e-mail. Please list your corrections quoting line number. If, for any reason, this is not possible, then mark the corrections and any other comments (including replies to the Query Form) on a printout of your proof and return by fax, or scan the pages and e-mail, or by post. Please use this proof only for checking the typesetting, editing,completeness and correctness of the text, tables and figures. Significant changes to the article as accepted for publication will only be considered at this stage with permission from the Editor. We will do everything possible to get your article published quickly and accurately-please let us have all your corrections within 48 hours. It is important to ensure that all corrections are sent back to us in one communication: please check carefully before replying, as inclusion of any subsequent corrections cannot be guaranteed. Proofreading is solely your responsibility. Note that Elsevier may proceed with the publication of your article if no response is received.

Offprints
The corresponding author, at no cost, will be provided with a PDF file of the article via e-mail. For an extra charge, paper offprints can be ordered via the offprint order form which is sent once the article is accepted for publication. The PDF file is a watermarked version of the published article and includes a cover sheet with the journal cover image and a disclaimer outlining the terms and conditions of use.

♦AUTHOR INQUIRIES♦
For inquiries relating to the submission of articles (including electronic submission) please visit this journal's homepage. Contact details for questions arising after acceptance of an article, especially those relating to proofs, will be provided by the publisher. You can track accepted articles at http://www.elsevier.com/trackarticle. You can also check our Author FAQs (http://www.elsevier.com/authorFAQ) and/or contact Customer Support via http://support.elsevier.com.

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Last updated on January 31, 2012